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Guides/What each path is

Private credit vs private equity: what is the difference?

Private equity buys companies and earns its return from growth and a sale, while private credit lends to companies and earns its return from interest and getting its principal back. In practice the jobs are close cousins: both underwrite the same businesses, often the same deals, but a lender asks what can go wrong first and an owner asks how big the upside is.

Updated November 6, 2026. Live data checked against each firm's own careers site 1m ago.

How does a lender think differently from an owner?

An equity owner gets everything left after the debt is paid, so the upside has no ceiling and the downside is losing the whole check. A lender gets a fixed return at best: interest plus the loan back. That flips the question. The owner models how big the win can be. The lender models how bad things can get and still be repaid.

So credit work centers on cash flow, downside cases, collateral, and the terms of the loan, while PE work centers on the growth plan, the exit, and the return on equity.

  • PE asks: how much can this company be worth when we sell it?
  • Credit asks: if revenue falls hard, can this company still pay its interest?
  • PE cares most about growth and the exit multiple.
  • Credit cares most about leverage, interest coverage, and covenants.

What does a simple credit check look like?

Two ratios do most of the first pass. Leverage is total debt divided by EBITDA. Interest coverage is EBITDA divided by annual interest expense. Take a company with 50 million of EBITDA borrowing 250 million at a 10 percent rate, with interest paid on the full balance and EBITDA as the cash flow proxy.

Leverage is 250 divided by 50, or 5.0x. Annual interest is 25 million, so coverage is 50 divided by 25, or 2.0x. Now cut EBITDA by 30 percent to 35 million: coverage falls to 1.4x and leverage rises to about 7.1x. A credit investor lives in that second scenario. A PE investor runs it too, but spends more time on the case where EBITDA grows.

  1. Leverage = debt / EBITDA = 250 / 50 = 5.0x.
  2. Interest = 250 x 10% = 25 per year.
  3. Coverage = EBITDA / interest = 50 / 25 = 2.0x.
  4. Downside: EBITDA of 35 gives coverage of 1.4x and leverage of about 7.1x.

How do the two compare for undergrads right now?

The comparison below shows each path's usual window, the firms that recruit for it, and how many programs are open on firm sites today. Many of the largest credit platforms sit inside alternative managers that also run PE, so the same firm can appear on both sides with separate programs.

Private CreditPrivate Equity
Applications openSep to Jan, alt managersSep to Jan, few seats
Programs we watch4689
Open right now59
Who hiresBlackstone logoApollo logoAres Management logoKKR logoBlackstone logoKKR logoApollo logoCarlyle logo
Counts are live from the calendar as of Nov 11.

How is hiring different?

Both paths hire mostly from banking after two years. PE draws from M&A and sector coverage groups; credit draws heavily from leveraged finance and restructuring. Direct undergraduate programs exist for both, concentrated at the large alternative managers, and they open in the fall and winter.

Credit is often the less crowded door. More students know the word private equity than private credit, so a credit program at the same firm can see fewer applicants who actually want it. If you like the work, that is an advantage you can use.

How do the interviews differ?

Both test accounting, valuation, and a basic LBO. PE goes deeper on the equity return: a paper LBO, what drives the IRR, and whether you would invest. Credit goes deeper on the capital structure: where the loan sits, what the covenants protect, and what happens in a downturn.

  • PE: paper LBO, returns drivers, would you buy this company and why.
  • Credit: leverage and coverage, seniority, covenants, recovery if the company fails.
  • Both: walk me through the statements, enterprise value versus equity value, a deal you followed.

Questions students ask

Is private credit easier to break into than private equity?
It is usually less crowded, partly because fewer students know it exists. The bar on technical skill is similar.
Can you move from private credit to private equity?
Yes, people do, and the move is easier within a firm that runs both. Moving from equity to credit also happens.
Do I need leveraged finance experience for credit?
Not for an undergraduate program. For a later lateral move, leveraged finance or restructuring in banking is the most common background.
Which has better hours?
Credit is often a little steadier, because lending work is more repeatable than buying and selling whole companies, but both have deal spikes.
Is private credit the same as a bank loan?
The product is similar, but a private credit fund holds the loan and takes the risk itself rather than arranging it and selling it on.
Industry
Private Credit
Applications open
Sep to Jan, alt managers
Programs we watch
46
Open right now
5

On this page

  • How does a lender think differently from an owner?
  • What does a simple credit check look like?
  • How do the two compare for undergrads right now?
  • How is hiring different?
  • How do the interviews differ?
  • Questions students ask

Do it in Waddle Street

  • What private credit is, day to day
  • Private credit programs, live
  • Drill LBO and deal questions

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